
By: Jolenne Woodlee
March is a month dedicated to raising awareness, and this year, we want to focus on brain injury and the importance of staying informed about it.
There are two main categories of brain injury: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). The differences between the two are significant:
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI):
– Concussions: A mild TBI that can cause temporary confusion or loss of consciousness.
– Contusions: Bruising or damage to brain tissue.
– Hemorrhages: Bleeding within the brain.
– Intracranial Hematomas: Blood clots within the skull.
– Coup-Contrecoup Injuries: Damage to the brain at the point of impact and on the opposite side of the head.
– Penetrating TBIs: Injuries where an object pierces the skull and enters the brain.
– Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI): Damage to the brain’s connecting fibers.
– Second Impact Syndrome: A rare but serious condition that can occur when a second concussion happens before the first has fully healed.
Acquired Brain Injury (ABI):
– Stroke: A condition where blood flow to the brain is interrupted, leading to brain damage.
– Tumor: A growth in the brain that can damage surrounding tissue.
– Brain Infections or Inflammation: Conditions like meningitis can lead to brain damage.
– Anoxic or Hypoxic Brain Injury: Damage caused by a lack of oxygen to the brain.
– Secondary Brain Injury: Complications that develop after the initial injury, such as swelling or pressure.
The key difference between TBI and ABI is that TBI results from external forces damaging the brain, while ABI is caused by internal factors such as medical conditions or illnesses.
Some important facts about brain injury include the following: According to the Brain Injury Association of America, “Every 9 seconds, someone in the United States sustains a brain injury.” Despite this, there are many misconceptions and gaps in understanding among the general public. A brain injury can significantly affect how a person thinks, acts, and feels. The Mayo Clinic states, “Traumatic brain injury usually results from a violent blow or jolt to the head or body. An object that penetrates brain tissue, such as a bullet or a shattered piece of skull, can also cause traumatic brain injury. Mild traumatic brain injury may only temporarily affect brain cells, while more serious cases can result in bruising, torn tissues, bleeding, and other physical damage to the brain. These injuries can lead to long-term complications or even death.”
If you would like to learn more about brain injury, I encourage you to do your research. Reputable sources include the Brain Injury Association of America and the Mayo Clinic.